BACKGROUND
The Cape of Good Hope Panel is a series of annual tax censuses (or opgaafrolle) collected by the colonial authorities in the seventeenth- to nineteenth-century Cape Colony. The censuses contain information not only about the complete settler population – by the end of the period, a total of more than 50 000 individuals – but also the enslaved and indigenous Khoesan population that lived and worked within the colonial economy.
Thanks to a generous grant from the Bank of Sweden Tercentenary Foundation (The establishment, growth and legacy of a settler colony: Quantitative panel studies of the political economy of Cape Colony – Dnr: M20-0041), the purpose of this project is to transcribe the full series of tax censuses, match households across censuses, match census households to other sources (like probate inventories and auction rolls) and match census households across generations (using genealogical records). This would allow us to investigate questions about the evolution of living standards and economic development, inequality and social mobility, networks and elite formation and slavery and labour coercion.
We aim to, ultimately, combine the wealth of data with innovative techniques to analyse and understand the economic development of this pre-industrial, colonial society.
NEWS
New postdoctoral student recruited to work on church records
Esté Kotze will join the Cape Panel team in 2023 as a new postdoctoral student. Esté completed her PhD in History at Stellenbosch University in 2022. She has been tasked with investigating the Dutch Reformed […]
New paper on pioneer advantage published in The Economic History Review
Did the first settlers become wealthier than later arrivals? This is the question Jeanne Cilliers, Erik Green and Robert Ross ask in a new paper, now available online. They find that those who arrived early […]
Cape farmers were more affluent than their American counterparts, new paper shows
A new paper by Johan Fourie and Frank Garmon Jr published in The Economic History Review uses newly transcribed household-level tax censuses from the Dutch and British Cape Colony and the United States shortly after […]
Cape Panel team meets in person for first time
After lockdowns and Covid-related travel restrictions, the Cape of Good Hope Panel project team could finally meet for the first time in person. A workshop was held on 30 July in Paris, a day after […]
PhD student presents at EBHS
Lund PhD student Benjamin Chatterton presented his paper (co-authored with Erik Green and Calumet Links) at the Economic and Business History Society Conference in Salt Lake City in May. The paper is titled: Khoesan Resilience: […]
Kate Ekama presents at Cambridge and Nijmegen
In late April, postdoctoral fellow Kate Ekama presented her work on slum landlords in Cape Town at Cambridge University’s History department. It was an in-person event. Ekama next travelled to the Netherlands where she presented […]
THE TEAM
Erik Green
Department of Economic History, Lund University
Johan Fourie
Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University
Ann Carlos
Department of Economics, University of Colorado Boulder
Benjamin Chatterton
Department of Economic History, Lund University
Jeanne Cilliers
Department of Economic History, Lund University
Kate Ekama
Department of History, Stellenbosch University
Calumet Links
Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University
Igor Martin
Department of Economic History, Lund University
Anne McCants
Department of History, Massachusetts Institutes of Technology
Auke Rijpma
Department of History, Utrecht University
Robert Ross
Department of History, Leiden University
Jonathan Schoots
Department of Economic History, Lund University
Dieter von Fintel
Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University
Leoné Walters
School of Economics, University of Cape Town
Jan Greyling
Department of Agricultural Economics, Stellenbosch University
Karen Jennings
Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University
Karl Bergemann
Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University
Lauren Stevens
Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University
Lisa Martin
Department of Economics, Stellenbosch University
ADVISORY BOARD
Emmanuel
Akyeampong
Harvard University
Wayne
Dooling
SOAS University of London
Joseph
Ferrie
Northwestern University
Laura
Mitchell
UC Irvine
Sheilagh
Ogilvie
Oxford University
Jan Luiten
van Zanden
Utrecht University
DATASET
The transcribed annual tax censuses (opgaafrolle) will be made available during the course of the project.
The metadata can be found here.
RESEARCH
Ekama, K., 2024. Bound to be Free? Manumission in Cape Town, 1825–34. Slavery & Abolition, forthcoming.
Fourie, J., Green, E., Rijpma, A. and von Fintel, D., 2024. Income Mobility before Industrialization: Evidence from South Africa’s Cape Colony. Social Science History, forthcoming.
Carlos, A.M., Green, E., Links, C. and Redish, A., 2024. Early modern globalization and the extent of indigenous agency: Trade, commodities and ecology. The Economic History Review, forthcoming.
Cilliers, J., Mariotti, M. and Martins, I., 2024. Fertility responses to short-term economic stress: Price volatility and wealth shocks in a pre-transitional settler colony. Explorations in Economic History, 94, p.101620.
Fourie, J. and Greyling, J., 2023. Wheat productivity in the Cape Colony in 1825: evidence from newly transcribed tax censuses. Agrekon, 62(1), pp.98-115.
Raaijmakers, W. and Ekama, K. 2023. Advertising the enslaved for sale: A quantitative approach to the Zuid-Afrikaan, 1830-4. In: Quantitative History and Uncharted People: Case Studies from the South African Past (ed: Fourie, J.). Bloomsbury Publishing.
Fourie, J. and Garmon Jr, F., 2023. The settlers’ fortunes: Comparing tax censuses in the Cape Colony and early American republic. The Economic History Review, 76(2), pp.525-550.
Replication package
Cilliers, J., Green, E. and Ross, R., 2023. Did it pay to be a pioneer? Wealth accumulation in a newly settled frontier society. The Economic History Review, 76(1), pp.257-282.
Replication package
Cillliers, J and E. Green (2018) ‘The Land–Labour Hypothesis in a Settler Economy: Wealth, Labour and Household Composition on the South African Frontier’, International Review of Social History, 63(2): 239-271
STUDENTS
PhD graduates
Karl Bergemann (Stellenbosch, 2024): The Runaways: A study of enslaved, apprenticed and indentured labour flight at the Cape in the emancipation era, 1830-42
Calumet Links (Stellenbosch, 2021): The Economic Impact of the Khoe on the North-Eastern Frontier of the Cape Colony
Igor Martins (Lund, 2020): Collateral Effect: Slavery and Wealth in the Cape Colony
Heinrich Nel (Stellenbosch, 2020): Wealth mobility, familial ties and migration: Evidence form the Cape of Good Hope Panel
CONTACT US
Madeleine Jarl
Research secretary
Lund University
PARTNERS
We are grateful to the following supporters, without which this project would not be possible:
